Temperature and dormancy-breaking treatments: germination of endemic and geographically restricted herbaceous perennials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper describes the effects of temperature and simple or multiple dormancy-breaking treatments (potassium nitrate, surgical treatment, gibberellic acid (GA3), after-ripening at 45°C and nitrogen dioxide gas) on germination of five endemic and geographically restricted herbaceous perennials (Apium prostratum Vent. subsp. phillipii Keighery ms, Goodenia stenophylla F.Muell., Marianthus granulatus (Turcz.) Benth, Myriocephalus suffruticosus Benth. and Velleia foliosa (Benth.) K.Krause) from the species-rich south-west of Western Australia. Except for seeds of A. prostratum that were non-dormant, seeds were partially dormant or fully dormant when incubated without pre-treatment at three temperatures (15, 20 and 25/10°C). Low germination (=52%) was detected in M. granulatus under the best identified conditions, and seeds of G. stenophylla showed little to no response to any germination cue. In M. granulatus, M. suffruticosus and V. foliosa combinations of treatments were found that led to enhanced germination and in the case of V. foliosa, germination was not significantly different from a tetrazolium test of viability when seeds were surgically treated and then incubated with KNO3. Although none of the species studied exhibited physical dormancy, surgical excision of the seed coat in the vicinity of the embryo featured in the most successful combination of treatments in every case. Whilst seeds of M. granulatus responded positively to surgical treatment, after-ripening of seeds at 45°C for 2, 4 or 6 weeks did not increase either speed or final germination compared with other treatments. The mean time to germinate (MTG) ranged from 12.6 days (A. prostratum ssp. phillipii) to 46.5 days (G. stenophylla) under the best treatment conditions for each species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".