The <i>ARID1A</i> pathway in ovarian clear cell and endometrioid carcinoma, contiguous endometriosis, and benign endometriosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess ARID1A-encoded protein (BAF250a) and phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) expression, apoptosis, and the DNA damage response pathway in endometrioid and clear cell ovarian cancers (endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers [EAOCs]), and benign endometriotic ovarian cysts. METHODS: In a retrospective study, tissue samples were reviewed from patients who had undergone surgery for EAOC or endometriotic ovarian cysts at a center in Montreal, QC, Canada, between 2000 and 2012. A tissue microarray including cases of endometrioid carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, contiguous endometriosis (i.e. apparently benign endometriosis near the EAOC), and benign endometriotic ovarian cysts, was analyzed for the expression of various proteins. RESULTS: Loss of BAF250a expression was seen in 13 (22%) of 59 endometrioid cancers, 17 (47%) of 36 clear cell cases, 8 (44%) of 18 contiguous endometriosis cases, and 3 (8%) of 66 benign endometriotic ovarian cysts. In tissues showing loss of BAF250a, expression of pAKT, γH2AX, BIM, and BAX was higher in EAOC and contiguous endometriosis than in benign endometriosis (P<0.05), whereas expression of pATM, pCHK2, and Bcl2 was low. All proteins except for Bcl2 showed low expression in benign endometriosis. CONCLUSION: Loss of ARID1A-encoded protein seems to be an early event in EOAC, along with pAKT activation, alteration of γH2AX, and concomitant activation of the apoptosis pathway.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".