Excess partial molar entropy of alkane-mono-ols in aqueous solutions at 25°C
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the preceding paper, we reported the values of model-free chemical potentials for aqueous methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, and 1-hexanol at 25°C over the entire compositional region. Using alcohol excess partial molar enthalpies, H E AL , determined earlier in this laboratory (Can. J. Chem. 74, 713 (1996)), we have calculated excess partial molar entropies for the alcohols, S E AL , where AL stands for an alcohol. We then calculated, numerically, the entropic interaction, S E ALAL = N([Formula: see text]S E AL /[Formula: see text]n AL ) p,T,n W , where n AL is the amount of AL, n W is the amount of H 2 O, and N is the total amount of solution. S E ALAL signifies the effect of addition of AL upon the entropic situation of existing AL in solution. Using these quantities, the mixing schemes in aqueous alcohols have been studied. The earlier conclusions, which used H E AL and H E ALAL alone, are confirmed. Furthermore, the order of the relative hydrophobic nature of alcohols is established from the behaviour of S E ALAL and of H E ALAL as methanol < ethanol < 2-propanol < 1-propanol. Key Words: aqueous alcohols, excess partial molar entropies, entropic interaction mixing schemes, hydrophobicity ranking.
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Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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