Effectiveness of Different Sources of Stem Rust Resistance in Barley
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & Henn.) pathotype QCCJ is a potential threat to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production in North America. A field test was conducted for 3 yr to evaluate the effectiveness of several new sources of stem rust resistance to reduce losses. A randomized complete block design was used, with a split‐plot arrangement of treated (propiconizole fungicide) and untreated plots. Nine lines used in the test were classed as resistant (R), moderately resistant (MR), moderately susceptible (MS), and susceptible (S). The yield losses in each group were: R—Q21861 (12%), QSM‐041 (12%), BM8923‐46 (12%); MR— ‘Diamond’ (21%), SB90585 (26%); MS—‘Robust’ (30%), ‘Bonanza’ (33%), ‘Harrington’ (37%); S—‘Klages’ (53%). There were highly significant effects on 1000‐kernel weight, test weight, and percentage kernel plumpness for all entries. The losses in kernel weight ranged from 7% (Q21861) to 43% (Klages), in test weight from 3% (Q21861) to 26% (Klages), and kernel plumpness from 5% (Q21861) to 95% (Klages). There were no significant effects of rust infection on plant height and days to heading. Effects on lodging were variable, and reduced days to maturity was highly significant for all entries. Lines with combinations of genes Rpg1/rpg4 (Q21861, Q/SM‐041) and Rpg1/Rpg3 (BM8923‐46) provided the highest levels of protection, with a somewhat lesser level provided by Rpg1/RpgU (Diamond). Combinations of these genes should provide effective stem rust resistance in barley breeding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".