Laboratory Characterization and Evaluation of Durability Performance of New Polyester and Vinylester E-glass GFRP Dowels for Jointed Concrete Pavement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental study that investigated the physical, mechanical, and durability characteristics of newly developed vinylester- and polyester-based glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) dowels through a collaboration research project with the Ministry of Transportation of Québec (MTQ). Durability performance was first evaluated with a preliminary set of conditionings in different solutions. The long-term performance was then assessed under harsh alkaline exposure simulating the concrete environment. The alkaline exposure was achieved by immersing the dowels in an alkaline solution at elevated temperatures to accelerate the effects. Thereafter, the properties were assessed and compared with the unconditioned reference values. The test parameters were (1) type of resin (vinylester and polyester), (2) diameter of GFRP dowels (25.4–44.8 mm), (3) temperature (23, 50, and 60°C), and (4) conditioning time (30, 60, and 180 days). The test results revealed that the vinylester-based GFRP dowels were stable and did not show significant changes in their properties after being subjected to an alkaline solution for 180 days at 60°C. The long-term predictions revealed that the transverse shear-strength retention of vinylester- and polyester-based GFRP dowels would decrease by 10 and 26%, respectively, after 100 years at 10°C. Based on the findings of this research, a new material specification for GFRP dowels was formulated by the MTQ in order to ensure product performance and longevity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".