A Package of Care for HIV in the Occupational Setting in Africa: Results of a Pilot Intervention
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We describe a package of care including prevention, education, and therapeutics for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the occupational setting in sub-Saharan Africa and evaluate the outcomes of this package over 1 year. A prospective cohort study was done between 1999 and 2000 in a sugar mill employing 386 men in Kwa-Zulu Natal in South Africa. A package of care for HIV in the occupational setting was developed and implemented in 1999. This response included prevention, education, and therapeutic components. Outcomes measured included condoms distributed, sexually transmitted infections treated, numbers of HIV-infected individuals entering into the therapeutic pathway developed, and numbers of individuals counselled and tested for HIV. HIV prevalence in this population was 27.15% in January 1999. Between 1999-2000 in this workforce of 386, 58 of 102 (54%) individuals with HIV were identified through voluntary counselling and testing. Of these, 48 (82.8%) voluntarily entered the HIV treatment pathway. Condom distribution in the sugar mill increased 400% and the number of sexually transmitted infections treated at the mill decreased by 88% during this time period. Using AVERT software to model HIV infection over time a decrease in incidence of 91.67% from that expected in this population was calculated. 11 HIV infections were averted in a single year of this program. HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is prevalent in the occupational setting in South Africa. This setting can provide a venue for HIV care and prevention. A package of care for HIV including prevention, education, and therapeutics can be effective in both providing care for HIV-infected individuals and preventing new infections.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".