Genetic Relationships among Herpes-Like Viruses Isolated from Sturgeon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We report the identification of partial DNA polymerase gene sequences of seven herpes-like viruses found in sturgeon Acipenser spp. from North America and Europe. Phenetic comparisons using nucleic acid and deduced protein alignments divided the sturgeon herpes-like viruses into three genogroups. The first genogroup includes the previously described Acipenserid herpesvirus 1 (AciHV-1) and two new isolates from farmed white sturgeon A. transmontanus from California and wild white sturgeon from Idaho. The second genogroup contains the previously described Acipenserid herpesvirus 2 (AciHV-2) and a new isolate from wild white sturgeon found in Oregon. The third genogroup includes two viruses with identical amino acid sequences found in farmed white sturgeon from Italy and Canada. We propose to name the third sturgeon herpes-like genogroup Acipenserid herpesvirus 3 (AciHV-3). The phylogram used for comparing the relationships of these viruses shows strong bootstrap support (82%) for two separate clades among the sturgeon herpes-like viruses. One clade includes all the AciHV-1 isolates, whereas the other clade is divided into subclades. Interestingly, the subclade containing AciHV-2 branches outside the sister relationship between Ictalurid herpesvirus 1 and AciHV-3. An examination of the genogroups indicates that a prior hypothesis that AciHV-2 may have rapidly evolved from AciHV-1 is unlikely; instead, we suggest that AciHV-2 represents a more recent introduction of a new strain of virus to sturgeon farms in California. Lastly, the phylogenetic comparisons strongly suggest a pattern of spatial separation and independent evolution of the herpes-like viral genogroups found in sturgeon.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".