Mechanics of Bond Fatigue Behavior of Concrete Beams Strengthened with NSM CFRP Rods
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bond tests were conducted on 28 concrete beams strengthened with near-surface mounted (NSM) carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) rods under different fatigue load levels. In the NSM technique, the CFRP rods are placed inside precut grooves and bonded to the concrete with epoxy adhesive. The test variables included: presence of internal tension steel reinforcement (unreinforced or reinforced), type of CFRP rod (spirally wound or sandblasted), and the fatigue load level. The beams were tested in four-point bending. Bond failure was by debonding between the CFRP rod and the epoxy that started at sections close to the beam midspan. As the load was cycled further, debonding propagated toward the supports. At failure, the beams strengthened with a given rod type (sandblasted or spirally wound) showed the same CFRP strain at sections close to the support. The sandblasted rods showed a better bond fatigue performance than the spirally wound rods, which, at a given load level, failed at a higher number of cycles.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".