Initial Os-isotopic composition of Os-Ir-Ru alloys from ultramafic massifs of the Polar Siberia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study firstly presents chemical and initial Os-isotopic compositions of Os-Ir-Ru minerals of two ultramafic formations of Polar Siberia, which are exemplified by Guli clinopyroxene-dunite massif of the Maimecha-Kotui Province and the Kunar dunite-harzburgite massif from the Chelyuskin ultramafic belt of the Taimyr Peninsula. The study employed a range of methods, including electron microprobe analysis, negative thermal ionization mass spectrometry (N-TIMS) and laser ablation attached to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA MC-ICP-MS). The majority of platinum-group minerals (PGM) from the Guli massif are Os-(Ir-Ru) solid solutions or Os-rich minerals. At Kunar, minerals of Ru-Os-Ir system (i.e., osmium, ruthenium, iridium and rutheniridosmine) dominate the PGM assemblage. The ruthenium trend in the mineral compositions is due to the formation of these minerals under high pressures and temperatures at considerable depths. The 187 Os/ 188 Os values of Os-rich minerals from the Guli massif range from 0.12309 ± 0.00002 to 0.12606 ± 0.00003 ( n = 168). The initial Os-isotopic composition of PGM from the central block of the Guli massif is characterized by the 187 Os/ 188 Os values, varying in the range 0.12404–0.12606. Osmiumrich minerals from the southwestern block of the Guli massif are characterized by the least “radiogenic” 187 Os/ 188 Os values (i.e., 0.12309–0.12341). Low relative to the chondritic universal reservoir (CHUR) 187 Os/ 188 Os values are indicative of a near-to-chondritic source of platinum-group elements (PGE). The most “productive” stage of PGM formation at Guli ( n = 121) is recorded in the time interval of 545–615 Ma. The older model 187 Os/ 188 Os ages of osmium minerals are characteristic of the southwestern block of the Guli massif (e.g., 745–760 Ma). The results of the initial Os-isotopic composition for Os-rich alloys are consistent with a model, in which PGM were formed during multi-stage melt depletion events in the mantle. This agrees well with the suggestion that the Guli massif consists of heterogeneous blocks of ultramafic rocks. The 187 Os/ 188 Os ratio in the investigated PGM from the Kunar massif varies in a wider range (0.1094–0.1241, n = 28). For the dominant set of PGM samples ( n = 25), regardless of their chemical composition, four groups of the initial osmium isotopic compositions can be estimated, with average 187 Os/ 188 Os values of 0.1217 ± 0.0002 ( n = 7), 0.1223 ± 0.0002 ( n = 7), 0.1230 ± 0.0002 ( n = 6) and 0.1238 ± 0.0003 ( n = 6), respectively. The average model Re-Os ages for the defined groups of the Kunar massif are consistent with Late Riphean age interval (e.g., 975 ± 42 Ma, 892 ± 42 Ma, 791 ± 28 Ma and 681 ± 42 Ma, respectively). Significant variations in the 187 Os/ 188 Os values and model ages for Ru-Os-Ir alloys at Kunar are close to those from other duniteharzburgite massifs of the Earth, pointing out for their prolonged multi-stage evolution within the upper mantle.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".