Impact of flow through the Canadian Archipelago and Bering Strait on the North Atlantic and Arctic circulation: An ocean modelling study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract An ocean general‐circulation model with an orthogonal curvilinear grid is presented, with the grid north pole over Greenland to achieve improved resolution in the Greenland and Labrador Seas. The model is integrated for 4500 years in five different experiments, with open and closed connections to the Arctic via the Bering Strait (BS) and Canadian Archipelago (CA). When the BS and CA connections are open the Atlantic overturning circulation has a realistic strength (20 Sv), whereas there is stronger overturning with either (25–31 Sv) or both (39 Sv) the connections closed due to additional deep‐water formation in the Labrador Sea. The volume fluxes across the Greenland–Iceland–Scotland ridge are reasonably close to those observed with the two connections either open or closed. With only the BS closed, low‐salinity waters leave the Arctic via the CA, giving a weak East Greenland Current, whereas with only the CA closed deep‐water formation in the Nordic Seas is weak due to the passage of excess low‐salinity water originating from the Pacific via the BS. The simulations suggest that both the CA and BS connections to the Arctic Influence the North Atlantic circulation. Closing the BS reduces the effective freshwater input to the Arctic, leading to a strong Atlantic overturning circulation. Closing the CA leads to increased salinity in the Labrador Sea, and additional deep‐water formation. It is therefore recommended that both these seaways should be represented in ocean general‐circulation models. Copyright © 2002 Royal Meteorological Society
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".