High-Intensity Endurance Training Results in Faster Vessel-Specific Rate of Vasorelaxation in Type 1 Diabetic Rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examined the effects of 6 weeks of moderate- (MD) and high-intensity endurance training (HD) and resistance training (RD) on the vasorelaxation responsiveness of the aorta, iliac, and femoral vessels in type 1 diabetic (D) rats. Vasorelaxation to acetylcholine was modeled as a mono-exponential function. A potential mediator of vasorelaxation, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (e-NOS) was determined by Western blots. Vessel lumen-to-wall ratios were calculated from H&E stains. The vasorelaxation time-constant (τ) (s) was smaller in control (C) (7.2 ± 3.7) compared to D (9.1 ± 4.4) and it was smaller in HD (5.4 ± 1.5) compared to C, D, RD (8.3 ± 3.7) and MD (8.7 ± 3.8) (p<0.05). The rate of vasorelaxation (% · s(-1)) was larger in HD (2.7 ± 1.2) compared to C (2.0 ± 1.2), D (2.0 ± 1.5), RD (2.0 ± 1.0), and MD (2.0 ± 1.2) (p<0.05). τ vasorelaxation was smaller in the femoral (6.9 ± 3.7) and iliac (6.9 ± 4.7) than the aorta (9.0 ± 5.0) (p<0.05). The rate of vasorelaxation was progressively larger from the femoral (3.1 ± 1.4) to the iliac (2.0 ± 0.9) and to the aorta (1.3 ± 0.5) (p<0.05). e-NOS content (% of positive control) was greater in HD (104 ± 90) compared to C (71 ± 64), D (85 ± 65), RD (69 ± 43), and MD (76 ± 44) (p<0.05). e-NOS normalized to lumen-to-wall ratio (% · mm(-1)) was larger in the femoral (11.7 ± 11.1) compared to the aorta (3.2 ± 1.9) (p<0.05). Although vasorelaxation responses were vessel-specific, high-intensity endurance training was the most effective exercise modality in restoring the diabetes-related loss of vascular responsiveness. Changes in the vasoresponsiveness seem to be endothelium-dependent as evidenced by the greater e-NOS content in HD and the greater normalized e-NOS content in the smaller vessels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".