Pancreas Divisum: A Study of the Cadaveric Donor Pancreas for Islet Isolation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Pancreas divisum, the most frequent congenital variant of pancreatic ductal configuration, might impair intraductal delivery of enzyme for islet isolation. We investigated the frequency of pancreas divisum and its effect on the digestion process in islet isolation. METHODS: Two catheters were placed into the main duct in opposite directions following dissection of the duct in the mid-body of cadaveric donor pancreata. When the majority of outflow was observed through the Santorini orifice by injecting solution through the catheter toward head, a diagnosis of pancreas divisum was made. RESULTS: Twenty-eight cases of a total of 127 pancreata evaluated were described as having pancreas divisum. There were no significant differences in donor demographics, donor instability, pancreas weight, or undigested tissue weight between donors with and without pancreas divisum. In the 28 cases of pancreas divisum, there was moreover no observable difference in the quality of distention between the ventral and dorsal pancreas. Islet yield after digestion was comparable between cases with and without pancreas divisum. CONCLUSION: We found that Santorini's duct was the major drainage route of the pancreas in 22% of individuals. Pancreas divisum did not have a negative impact on the digestion process and outcome of islet isolation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".