Genetic Diversity, Antioxidant Activities, and Anthocyanin Contents in Lingonberry
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) wild clones and cultivars were assessed for antioxidant activities, anthocyanin content, and for genetic variability using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Four ISSR primers generated 113 polymorphic bands in 34 clones and eight cultivars. Cluster analysis by the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) separated the 41 genotypes into three main clusters, and identified the one remaining clone as an outlier. Within one cluster, the genotypes tended to form subclusters that were in agreement with a principal coordinate (PCO) analysis. Geographical distribution based on country of collection explained 12% of the total variation as revealed by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). Antioxidant activity and anthocyanin content were higher in the berries of clones belonging to V. vitis-idaea ssp. minus than those of the V. vitis-idaea ssp. vitis-idaea cultivars. The UPGMA clustering for chemical markers with 11 clones and seven cultivars identified two major clusters and one outlier. The ISSR markers and analyses of antioxidant activities and anthocyanin contents detected a sufficient degree of polymorphism to differentiate among lingonberries, making this technology valuable for germplasm management, and more efficient choices of parents in current lingonberry breeding programs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it