New dihydropyrone derivates and further antitumour compounds from Conyza canadensis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canadian horseweed [ Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.], a cosmopolitan plant of Asteraceae, has been used traditionally to treat diarrhea, dysentery and arthritis. Its decoction was also applied for cancerous diseases in North America [1,2]. As a part of our comprehensive screening programme for Hungarian Asteraceae species [3,4], the in vitro antitumour effects of lipophilic and aqueous extracts made from the aerial parts and the root of Conyza canadensis were tested by the MTT assay. The n -hexane extract of the root inhibited markedly the growth of three human tumour cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7 and A-431), whilst the chloroform extract of the root showed moderate antiproliferative activity. Here we report the activity-guided isolation and structure elucidation of compounds responsible for antitumour effects of the horseweed root. For the fractionation of the n-hexane and chloroform extract different chromatographic methods were used. Two new natural compounds, E -conyzapyrone and Z -conyzapyrone having an unusual C-10 dihydropyrone structure were isolated through antiproliferative assay guidance, together with a rare C-18 fatty acid (9,10,12-trihydroxy-10 E -octadecenoic acid), and apigenin from the chloroform extract. From the n -hexane extract the C-10 acetylene derivates 4 Z ,8 Z -matricarialactone and 4 E ,8 Z -matricarialactone, triterpenes (friedelin, epifriedelanol, taraxerol, simiarenol) and sterols (stigmasterol, sitosterol, spinasterol) were obtained. The structure elucidation was carried out by extensive NMR and MS studies. Pharmacological analysis of the isolated compounds revealed that acetylene-type compounds have the most significant cell growth inhibitory potency with IC 50 1.10–4.74µg/ml. E -conyzapyrone and Z -conyzapyrone exerted moderate antiproliferative activity with IC 50 7.83–17.05 and 6.98–12.05µg/ml, respectively. Acknowledgements: Our investigation was supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA 72771). References: 1. Grünwald, J., Brendler, T., Jänicke, C. (Eds.) (2000) PDR for Herbal Medicines. Thomson. 2. Hartwell, J. (1968)J. Nat. Prod. 31: 71–170. 3. Réthy, B. et al. (2007) Phytother. Res. 21: 1200–08. 4. Csupor-Löffler, B. et al. (2009) Phytother. Res. 23: 1109–15.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".