Responses to Free Lipopolysaccharide and <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Normal Human Intestinal Macrophages, Following their Migration out of the Lamina Propria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Intestinal macrophage responses to luminal bacteria and their constituents are important in mucosal inflammatory responses. We investigated the responses of intestinal macrophages to free lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Escherichia coli. Macrophages were isolated from normal terminal ileum and colon by allowing them to migrate out of the lamina propria of mucosal samples denuded of epithelial cells. Following exposure to free LPS or fluorescein-labelled E. coli, responsiveness was studied by intracellular expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). CD14, CD33, CD68, TLR2 and TLR4 expression was studied by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). TLR and NOD2 expression was confirmed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). CD14 was expressed by 36.5 +/- 4.0% of the macrophages obtained following migration out of the lamina propria. These cells also expressed TLR2, TLR4 and NOD2. Of cells exposed to free LPS or those that had taken up E. coli, a greater proportion of CD14(+) than CD14(-) macrophages expressed intracellular TNF-alpha. Moreover, a greater proportion of macrophages (CD14(+) and CD14(-)) demonstrated responses to E. coli than free LPS. In conclusion, a proportion of macrophages obtained following migration out of the lamina propria of normal terminal ileal and colonic mucosal samples express CD14, TLR2 and TLR4. These cells respond to free LPS and E. coli, as demonstrated by the expression of TNF-alpha.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".