Interactions of High Methoxyl Pectin with Whey Proteins at Oil/Water Interfaces at Acid pH
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The interactions between whey protein isolate (WPI) and high methoxyl pectin (HMP) at pH 3.5 were investigated in situ using ultrasound (US) and diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS). HMP was added to 10% oil-in-water emulsions containing 1% WPI. At neutral pH, no protein-pectin interactions were observed as both molecules are negatively charged, while at pH 3.5 bridging flocculation occurred via electrostatic interactions. Four different stages were distinguished during the addition of HMP in WPI-stabilized emulsions at pH 3.5. At a concentration below a critical value, no interactions were observed. At concentrations >0.02% HMP, a change in the l factor indicated a change in the ordering of the emulsion droplets, influenced by long-range interactions. At higher concentrations (in the range between 0.04 and 0.06% HMP), attenuation showed significant changes in the surface of the oil droplets, changes which affected the droplet-droplet interactions. At pectin concentrations >0.05%, attenuation of sound and 1/l* decreased, while velocity of sound and particle size increased, as a result of bridging flocculation. These results demonstrated for the first time that methods such as US and DWS combined permit the observation of the early stages of the interactions between two biopolymers at the interface. This is significant in light of increasing efforts in engineering complex interfacial layers.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it