Combined Experimental and Computational Studies on the Physical and Chemical Properties of the Renewable Amide, 3‐Acetamido‐5‐acetylfuran
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The pK(a) of 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran (3A5AF) was predicted to be in the range 18.5-21.5 by using the B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p) method and several amides as references. The experimental pK(a) value, 20.7, was determined through UV/Vis titrations. Its solubility was measured in methanol-modified supercritical CO2 (mole fraction, 3.23×10(-4), cloud points 40-80 °C) and it was shown to be less soluble than 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). Dimerization energies were calculated for 3A5AF and 5-HMF to compare hydrogen bonding, as such interactions will affect their solubility. Infrared and (1) H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of 3A5AF samples support the existence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The highest occupied molecular orbital, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, and electrostatic potential of 3A5AF were determined through molecular orbital calculations using B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p). The π-π* transition energy (time-dependent density functional theory study) was compared with UV/Vis data. Calculated atomic charges were used in an attempt to predict the reactivity of 3A5AF. A reaction between 3A5AF and CH3MgBr was conducted. As 3A5AF is a recently developed renewable compound that has previously not been studied extensively, these studies will be helpful in designing future reactions and processes involving this molecule.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it