Pertumbuhan Gunung Api Anak Krakatau setelah letusan katastrofi s 1883
Bibliographic record
Abstract
http://dx.doi.org/10.17014/ijog.vol1no3.20063 Since its appearance in 1929, Anak Krakatau Volcano has been growing fastly. The elevation of Anak Krakatau Volcano from 1930 to 2005, within 75 years, has reached 315 m high. The growth rate is approximated to be four meters per year in average. Based on calculation, the volume of the body from the sea fl oor since 1927 until 1981 was 2.35 km3, and then in 1983 was 2.87 km3 and then in 1990 it reached 3.25 km3. The latest volume measurement in 2000, was 5.52 km3. Between 1992 up to 2001, within nine years, the eruption of Anak Krakatau took place almost every day, and it had caused its elevation to increase more than 100 m, and its area extent to become 378,527 m2. If the increase in height and the increase in volume are consistent, it is expected that in 2020, the volume of Anak Krakatau’s edifi ce will proceed the volume of Rakata Volcano, Danan Volcano, and Perbuwatan Volcano (11.01 km3) shortly before catastrophic eruption in 1883. Since this volcano appeared above the sea level, the succession of vegetation never came up to a climax, except some of the species, such as Saccharum sp. and Casuarina sp. those are growing faster after the eruption stopped. The growth of coral reef on the lava fl ows that entered the sea about ten years ago, was much slower than those which are growing around the Rakata, Panjang and Sertung Islands. This case is probably due to the slow rate of cooling process of the lava fl ows, although the lava surfaces are blocky.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.038 | 0.011 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".