A biofeedback-based programme to improve attention and impulsivity in adults with ADHD
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neuropsychiatric condition characterised by attention and impulsivity problems, is one of the most common behavioural disorders in Ireland. The first-line treatment for ADHD is psycho-stimulant medication. However, these can have limited effectiveness, particularly in adults, and are often associated with adverse side-effects. It is thus imperative that new non-pharmaceutical approaches to treatment are developed. This study aims to combine psychoeducation with skin-conductance biofeedback to train adults with ADHD to increase their arousal. The training focuses on everyday problems of inattentiveness and impulse control and participants identify goals to which they learn to apply self-initiated alerting techniques. Participants are assessed at baseline, immediately following the 5-week training period, and after 3 months. Pre- and post-training goals ratings are also recorded. Research methods and preliminary outcomes are presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".