Carbon and nitrogen sources modulate lipase production in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIMS: To analyse the influence of nitrogen and carbon sources on extracellular lipase production by Yarrowia lipolytica-overproducing mutant in order to optimize its production in large-scale bioreactors. METHODS AND RESULTS: The level of lipase production and LIP2 induction, measured using an LIP2-LacZ reporter gene, were compared for different carbon and nitrogen sources and for different concentrations. The localization of the enzyme during growth was also determined by Western blotting analysis using a six-histidine-tagged lipase. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Tryptone N1 and oleic acid are the most suitable nitrogen and carbon sources for the production of the extracellular lipase by the Y. lipolytica mutant. Higher levels of lipase production were obtained as the tryptone concentration increased in the culture medium. Such a positive correlation was not observed with oleic acid media where the highest lipolytic productivities were obtained in the presence of low concentration. We also demonstrate that in the presence of oleic acid, lipase is cell-bound during the growth phase before being released in the media. CONCLUSIONS: This work provides a better understanding of the mechanism controlling LIP2 expression and, thus, extracellular lipase production in the yeast Y. lipolytica.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".