Lifestyle modification effects on cardiovascular function in those at risk for cardiovascular diseases
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Effects of exercise and/or diet on blood pressure (BP) have been welldocumented; however, their combined effects on overall cardiovascular functioning in those who have preclinical risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of lifestyle (exercise and diet) modification on measures of left ventricular diastolic filling (LVDF), arterial distensibility (AD), BP (clinic and 24 hour), and exercise capacity (VO 2max ) in individuals with either high-normal BP (HNBP), impaired fasting glucose level (IFG), or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). These preliminary findings are from a larger randomized trial of Staged Nutrition and Activity Counseling (SNAC) whose plan includes an individually customized Mediterranean diet with physical exercise, vs usual care lifestyle counseling. Twenty seven subjects with either HNBP, IFG, or IGT (11 M and 16 F, 53.6 7.4 yrs) have participated in the preliminary analysis of the study cohort. Before and after 8 weeks of SNAC, measures of LVDF [early filling flow velocity (E), late filling flow velocity (A), E/A ratio, isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and deceleration time (DT)], left ventricular mass (LVM), and AD in carotid (CA) and brachial (BA) arteries assessed using VingMed-5 TM cardiac imaging system at rest, and VO 2max by exercise treadmill test were determined. Clinic BP using an automated device (BP-TRU TM ) and 24-h ambulatory BP using a Spacelabs TM ABPM were also recorded. AD in CA improved significantly following SNAC (0.85 .28 vs 0.99 .28 1/mmHgx10 -1 , p.05). This improvement was accompanied by the reduction of body weight (BW), BMI, and improvement of VO 2max (95.7 18.3 vs 93.9 17.9 kg, 33.7 5.8 vs 33.0 5.6 kg/m 2 , 32.1 9.5 vs 35.3 10.1 ml/min/kg, p.05, respectively). Clinic DBP tended to be lower (83.7 11.1 vs 79.9 9.4 mmHg, p.053). No changes were observed in LVDF indices, LVM, AD in BA, clinic SBP, and 24-h BP indices. These preliminary data suggest that our lifestyle modification significantly improved AD in CA with the reduction of BW and improvement of VO 2max . Further study will determine whether these changes are maintained, and whether changes in BP and LVDF are observed compared to usual care.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".