Rapid Communication / Communication RapideAmbient solar ultraviolet radiation and its effects on phosphorus flux into boreal lake phytoplankton communities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We examined the effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on net phosphorus (P) flux into phytoplankton communities in two boreal lakes at the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA), Canada. We manipulated P available to and irradiance received by phytoplankton during four different three-day incubations of dilution bioassays. Net P flux was estimated by measuring the accumulation of particulate P (that retained on glass fiber filters) over the incubation period. No effects of UVR on net P flux were found at ambient P levels in any of the experiments. At the highest levels of P addition, less particulate phosphorus (PP) accumulated in both the minus-UVB (~1540%; photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) + UVA) and full-sunlight (~2545%; PAR + UVA + UVB) exposed phytoplankton compared with those that received PAR only. Neither chlorophyll- nor carbon-specific net P flux was affected by UVR exposure at ambient P levels. However, at the highest levels of P enrichment, chlorophyll-specific net P flux increased in response to UVR in both lakes, whereas carbon-specific net P flux declined in one of the lakes and was unaffected by UV exposure in the second lake. Our results indicate that UVR can affect total PP accumulation in enriched systems, but not at ambient P levels, and that UVR has a weak and variable effect on biomass-specific P uptake in phytoplankton under enriched conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".