Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Manor Spearfish Field, located in Southeast Saskatchewan, was originally discovered in 1987, with the drilling of several vertical wells that encountered remnant Spearfish sands on top of the Alida carbonates. A few vertical wells were produced at low rates. In 1992, several companies aggressively developed the pool entirely through horizontal drilling. Production peaked at 7000 bopd, then declined to just over 700 bopd. The pool has been the target of recent horizontal infill drilling. Several successful wells have been drilled, and Spearfish production from Crescent Point Energy operated wells has doubled from under 600 bopd to almost 1200 bopd. Additional infill locations remain, both with new standalone horizontal wells, and with horizontal reentry wells. This paper reviews the predicted and actual results of five horizontal infill wells drilled in 2002. The methodology used in prioritizing the infill locations is also intended to illustrate the basic principles of reservoir engineering, and how they can be applied through simple analytical methods to yield favorable results. The paper, as such, provides a review of the basic engineering steps needed in a successful infill well development project. Background The Manor Spearfish Field consists of Triassic aged Spearfish sands, which on-lap the Mississippian erosional surface, and form up to 8 m thick reservoir grade sand bodies. The primary sands are the P-2 Lower or "C" sand, and the P-2 Upper or "B" sand. The two sand layers vary from 1 to 3 m, with the thinner sands having more anhydrite occlusion, and dolomite cementation. Porosity varies between 15–18 %, and permeability varies between 5–25 mD. The top seal is formed by the impermeable overlying terrestrial Red Beds. Oil is sourced and charged from the underlying Alida beds, due to the absence of effective Missipian cap-rock. The target of horizontal drilling is the P-2 Upper sand. There is some separation between the Upper and Lower P-2 sands in places, but it appears that there is likely communication through the barrier. There are also various amounts of separation between the Alida and the Lower P-2 sand. POOL PERFORMANCE The pool was discovered in 1987, and production commenced from several vertical wells. Production was never very prolific, due to the low permeability nature of the reservoir. Figure 1 illustrates the pool map. With the horizontal drilling boom of the early 90's, the pool was aggressively developed with horizontal wells. Production dramatically increased, and peaked in 1992 at around 7000 bopd. It should be noted that total production presented here is for Crescent Point Energy operated wells, only because the data is more current. Thus the Spearfish production operated by Crescent Point, peaked at 6000 bopd. Production then declined in an apparent harmonic fashion - steeply at first, then levelling off at slower decline rates. Figure 2 presents the Spearfish production graph. Recent peak production was 1139 bopd. The recent increase in production from Crescent Point wells, is caused by five new horizontal wells that were drilled in 2002.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".