A theoretical study of the effect of long-chain aliphatic alcohols on the stability of surfactant micelles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Employing the theoretical approach and computational methods described previously [9], calculations have been made on the two-dimensional size/composition distribution of spherical micelles composed of sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) and dodecylalcohol (DOH) monomers. These calculations show fair agreement with experimental CMC and solubilization capacity results. For rod-shaped micelles our calculations indicate that the critical condition for the formation of rods, i.e. β =0, where β kT is the difference in molecular free energy per SDS/DOH unit between the middle part of the micelle and the solution, is approached at significantly lower salt concentrations upon raising the DOH/SDS ratio. The incorporation of DOH in the SDS micelles is driven by the free energy of mixing the monomers within the micelles and by the reduction obtained of their electrostatic free energy. Since a slight swelling is noted, there is a counteracting increase in chain conformational free energy. Moreover, the hydrophobic driving force of aggregation is considerably weaker for DOH than for SDS because the monomer concentration of DOH is comparatively low.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".