INDUCTION OF ANTIGEN-DEPENDENT EOSINOPHILIC INFLAMMATION IN THE COLON BY LOCAL TRANSFER OF CONVENTIONAL ANTIGEN IN TH2-SENSITIZED MICE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Colon eosinophilic inflammation is featured in a variety of gastrointestinal disorders including eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorder (EGID), allergy, inflammatory bowel disease, and parasite infection. We hypothesize that a possible immunological mechanism for gastrointestinal eosinophilia is induction by an antigen in a host that is associated with Th2-skewed antigen-specific immune responses. To investigate this, we maintained BALB/c mice under pathogen-free conditions and sensitized them with conventional antigen ovalbumin in conjunction with aluminum hydroxide. After sensitization, the animals developed polarized Th2 type responses to the same antigen seen in both systemic and local mucosal compartments. Seven days later mice were challenged at the colonic mucosa, by intrarectal administration, with ovalbumin encoded in an adenoviral vector. After mucosal challenge, preconditioned animals developed significant colonic inflammation, characterized by the presence of enlarged and increases in number of lymphoid follicles, and marked eosinophilic infiltration. These pathogenic changes peaked at day 5, but resolved by day 10-15, at which time local antigen expression diminished. The colonic epithelium was found integrated; no epithelial cell damage detected through the entire course. Local antigen expression was not found different between sensitized and naive mice, the latter of which did not demonstrate inflammation post challenge. We confirmed that sensitized mice did not develop any local immunological or physiological changes if challenged with adenoviral vector that does not contain ovalbumin. In conclusion, we here established a mouse model which may suggest that exposure of the lower gastrointestinal mucosa to a conventional antigen that is associated with Th2-skewed responses preexisted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".