Synthesis and Characterisation of Side‐Chain Liquid Crystalline Poly[1‐({[(4‐cyano‐4′‐biphenyl)oxy]alkyl}oxy)‐2,3‐epoxypropane]
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Summary: A new series of side‐chain liquid‐crystal polymers, the poly[1‐({[(4‐cyano‐4′‐biphenyl)oxy]alkyl}oxy)‐2,3‐epoxypropane], has been synthesized in which the spacer length is varied from 2 to 8 methylene units. The synthesis used for the chemical modification of polyepichlorohydrin (PECH) involved the phase transfer catalyzed etherification of the chloromethyl groups with sodium 4‐cyano‐4′‐biphenoxide and lithium n ‐(4‐cyano‐4′‐oxybiphenyl)‐alkanoates. All the resulting polymers (except polymers 7 and 8), including that without spacer, characterized by 1 H NMR, and IR, exhibit thermotropic liquid crystalline mesomophism. The thermal behavior of the polymers has been characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized light microscopy (POM) equipped with hot‐stage. A more pronounced odd‐even effect in the clearing temperatures is observed on increasing the spacer length in which the odd members display slightly higher values, which were also dependent on the substitution degree of PECH. The flexible PECH chain assists nematic LC formation compared with other more rigid backbone polymers where a smectic phase is often encountered with the same mesogen. A comparison of the thermal properties of the cyanobiphenyl based series reported here. Polyacrylate (PA) and poly(methacrylate)‐based (PMA) SCLCPs containing 4‐cyanobiphenyl as the mesogenic unit are consistent with the general rule that increasing backbone flexibility for a given mesogenic unit and spacer length enhance the clearing temperature. This was not found from the PECH‐based series, which show the lower clearing temperature than the PMA and PA series, even though they have more flexible backbone than PA and PMA series. So the clearing temperature is not solely determined by the flexibility of the backbone. Schlieren textures of PECHOC2‐B taken at 110 °C (cooling from isotropic phase after annealing 1 h). magnified image Schlieren textures of PECHOC2‐B taken at 110 °C (cooling from isotropic phase after annealing 1 h).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".