Growth and nutrient dynamics of western hemlock with conventional or exponential greenhouse fertilization and planting in different fertility conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In many northern forests, low nutrient availability constrains growth of young trees. We tested the efficacy of exponential nutrient application to load western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings with nutrients to enhance field performance. Seedlings were grown with conventional, constant-rate fertilization (100 mg N·L 1 ) or with exponentially increasing fertilization at rates of 2% and 3% per day in a greenhouse. Growth and nutrient allocation were characterized. Seedlings from the three greenhouse treatments were then planted in an outdoor nursery experiment for 2 years with NPK fertilizer applied at 10, 25, or 100 mg N·L 1 , and in a 3-year field experiment with and without slow-release fertilizer. Seedling height, biomass, and nutrient concentration did not differ greatly among exponential or constant-rate fertilization treatments in the greenhouse. The influence of postplanting fertility, both in the nursery and in the field, outweighed the effect of greenhouse exponential nutrient application. In the outdoor nursery, seedlings from all greenhouse treatments showed increased growth with higher rates of fertilization. In the field, there were no differences in growth among seedlings from the three greenhouse treatments, but fertilization at planting increased growth. The capacity for nutrient loading in container-grown western hemlock was likely exceeded because large quantities of N were applied in all treatments.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".