Characterization and anaerobic treatability study of pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL) from dissolving pulp mill
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Anaerobic degradation showed potential as the disposal solution for pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL) from the dissolving pulp industries. This PHL contained pentose and hexose carbohydrates as monomeric (14.5 g/L) and oligomeric (39.7 g/L) forms along with acetic acid (10.38 g/L), furfural (1.14 g/L) and lignin (11.08 g/L). The average chemical oxygen demand (COD) value of the PHL was around 100 g/L with a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) value of 55 g/L. Respirometric studies at 35 °C showed a decrease in methane production with increasing concentration of PHL in the feed. Presence of slowly biodegradable substrates (furfural and lignin) in the feed was suspected to cause such behavior. Therefore, PHL was introduced to a master culture reactor to acclimatize the seed sludge to PHL as substrate. The seed microbes were able to adapt to furfural, but not to the entire lignin present in PHL feed. Lignin concentration going over a threshold value (approximately 7 g/L) was suspected to cause reactor failure. This anaerobic treatability study reflects on the potential of applying anaerobic digestion for PHL waste stream disposal and biogas production.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".