Microcredit Programs and Women's Decision-Making Status: Further Evidence from Bangladesh
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT ABSTRACT This paper examines the impact of participation in the microcredit programs of a non-governmental organization (the Association for Social Advancement, asa) on the decision-making status of poor Bangladeshi women, the targets of these programs. Using survey data, we examine this relationship by estimating a five-level ordered probit model in which decision-making status is represented by a ranking in six decision-making domains, controlling for the effects of other factors. We find that the improvements in decision-making status are quite modest, except in domains that reflect the existing household division of labour, and that program selection features are at least partly responsible for the observed positive impact, despite efforts to adjust for them. We conclude that asa type credit programs are probably not especially significant in terms of improving women's decision-making status, at least in the short to medium term, likely because social norms, which play an important role in this regard, change slowly. RÉSUMÉ L'article concerne l'impact de la participation aux programmes de micro-crédit d'une organisation non gouvernementale, l'Association for Social Advancement (asa), sur le statut décisionnel de femmes pauvres du Bangladesh auxquelles s'adressent ces programmes. À l'aide des données d'un sondage, nous examinons cette relation par des calculs estimatifs avec un modèle de probit à cinq niveaux où le statut décisionnel correspond au classement dans six domaines de décision, en contrôlant les effets d'autres facteurs. Nous avons constaté que l'amélioration du statut décisionnel est très modeste, sauf dans les domaines qui reflètent la division existante du travail dans les ménages. Nous avons observé que les caractéristiques de sélection pour les programmes sont au moins en partie responsables de l'impact positif noté malgré les efforts pour en tenir compte. Nous en concluons que les programmes de crédit comme ceux de l'asa ne sont probablement pas particulièrement significatifs pour améliorer le statut décisionnel des femmes, du moins à court ou à moyen terme. Ceci tient sans doute au fait que les normes sociales, qui jouent un rôle important en la matière, changent Ientement.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it