Prevalence of Anti-Erythropoietin Antibodies in Hemodialysis Patients without Clinical Signs of Pure Red Cell Aplasia
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The prevalence of anti-erythropoietin antibodies in renal patients without clinical evidence of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) who respond poorly to epoetin is unknown. This study tested for anti-erythropoietin antibodies in hemodialysis patients who were either hypo- or normoresponsive to epoetin treatment. METHODS: Epoetin hyporesponsiveness (hemoglobin < or =10.5 g/dl and epoetin > or =9,000 IU/week) and normoresponsiveness (hemoglobin >10.5 g/dl and epoetin <7,000 IU/week) were arbitrarily defined. Prevalence of anti-erythropoietin antibodies in hemodialysis patients without symptoms of PRCA was determined by screening sera of 536 patients from 35 German KfH dialysis units, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive results were verified by radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIP) and neutralizing activity was determined by bioassay. RESULTS: Anti-erythropoietin antibodies were detected in 3 hyporesponsive and 3 normoresponsive patients using ELISA. One patient per group was verified as borderline by RIP testing; the other 4 were negative. The bioassay was negative for 1 patient; the other died unrelated to PRCA before testing. Follow-up with RIP testing after 15 months under continuous epoetin treatment was negative (4 patients, 2 deceased). CONCLUSION: This survey did not identify anti-erythropoietin antibodies in hemodialysis patient's hyporesponsive to epoetin and does not support presumptive antibody screening as a routine work-up in these patients.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it