Evaluation and Reselection of Wheat Resistance to Russian Wheat Aphid Biotype 2
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Russian wheat aphid (RWA, Diuraphis noxia, Mordvilko) biotype 2 (RWA2) is virulent to most known RWA resistance genes and severely threatens wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in the hard winter wheat area of the U.S. western Great Plains. We determined RWA2 reactions of 386 cultivars from China, 227 advanced breeding lines and recently released cultivars from the United States, 505 landraces from countries where RWA is endemic, and 31 genetic stocks developed in the United States, Australia, Canada, and Russia. The majority of wheat accessions from China and the United States were highly susceptible to RWA2. Only nine landrace accessions produced a homogeneous resistant reaction. In addition, highly resistant plants were identified in 28 heterogeneous landraces. Thus, reselection was conducted to purify some potential resistance sources, and the single‐plant progenies of 220 selected plants were evaluated. Homogeneous resistant or highly resistant lines were identified from seven previously heterogeneous landraces. Reselection line PI 626759‐20‐32 offered a high level of resistance similar to lines carrying Dn7, the rye (Secale cereale L.)‐derived resistance gene associated with undesirable bread‐making quality. PI 626759‐20‐32 has the potential to supplement or replace Dn7 as a new RWA2 resistance source in wheat breeding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".