Stress metabolism. IX. Effect of salt stress on trigonelline accumulation in tomato
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The presence of quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) and their accumulation in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. Duke in response to different modes for causing NaCl stress were studied. Pre-germinated tomato seeds were grown in sand culture and 25-d-old seedlings were subjected to abrupt, progressive or prolonged salt stress using NaCl at various osmotic potentials. Plant water status was measured using psychrometry and quaternary ammonium compounds were visualized using thin-layer chromatography and then confirmed and quantified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Leaf water potential and osmotic potential declined depending on the osmotic potential of the rooting medium and the mode of stress imposition. A greater decline in osmotic potential compared with the total water potential led to turgor maintenance in plants under progressive or prolonged NaCl stress. The QAC, trigonelline and choline were identified in tomato. Trigonelline, but not choline, accumulated rapidly in response to abrupt, progressive or prolonged NaCl stress. The threshold external water potential (ψ ext. ) for trigonelline accumulation was –0.565 MPa. Trigonelline accumulation correlated with changes in ψ L (r = –0.92***), ψ S (r = –0.94***) and ψ P (r = 0.85***). Trigonelline contributed only –0.035 MPa to the osmotic adjustment, suggesting that its role may also lie in areas other than osmoregulation. Key words: Bataines choline, growth, Lycopersicon esculentum, salt stress, trigonelline, water relations
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".