Geologic Framework of Large Historic Landslides in Thompson River Valley, British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research Article| March 01, 2003 Geologic Framework of Large Historic Landslides in Thompson River Valley, British Columbia JOHN J. CLAGUE; JOHN J. CLAGUE 1Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6 Canada; and Geological Survey of Canada, 101-605 Robson St., Vancouver, BC, V6B 5J3 Canada; email: jclague@sfu.ca Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar STEPHEN G. EVANS STEPHEN G. EVANS 2Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, ON, K1A 0E8 Canada Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information JOHN J. CLAGUE 1Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6 Canada; and Geological Survey of Canada, 101-605 Robson St., Vancouver, BC, V6B 5J3 Canada; email: jclague@sfu.ca STEPHEN G. EVANS 2Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, ON, K1A 0E8 Canada Publisher: Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1558-9161 Print ISSN: 1078-7275 Copyright © 2003 Geological Society of America Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (2003) 9 (3): 201–212. https://doi.org/10.2113/9.3.201 Article history First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation JOHN J. CLAGUE, STEPHEN G. EVANS; Geologic Framework of Large Historic Landslides in Thompson River Valley, British Columbia. Environmental & Engineering Geoscience 2003;; 9 (3): 201–212. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/9.3.201 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyEnvironmental & Engineering Geoscience Search Advanced Search Abstract At least eight large landslides occurred in Thompson River valley south of Ashcroft, British Columbia, between 1880 and 1982. The landslides were slow-moving translational slides and slumps, and sudden-onset, rapid flowslides. Some of the landslides disrupted trans-continental rail traffic and blocked Thompson River, creating short-lived upstream reservoirs. Most of the landslides occurred in a 10-km reach of Thompson valley, within a thick Quaternary valley fill dominated by glaciolacustrine sediments. Failure occurred on the steep walls of an inner valley that formed during the Holocene when Quaternary sediments filling the broader Thompson River valley were incised. The valley fill sequence consists dominantly of permeable sediments, the exception being a unit of rhythmically bedded silt and clay near the base of the Pleistocene sequence. Large landslides are restricted to areas where this silt-clay unit is present. Failure occurred within, or at the top of, this unit. The landslides may have been triggered by irrigation of benchlands above the river. Irrigation commenced in the 1860s, shortly before the first known large landslide occurred. Early irrigation added large volumes of water to the normally dry Quaternary sediment fill, possibly elevating pore pressures at the top of the rhythmically bedded silt-clay unit. Large landslides may occur in the future in the study area if irrigation is not carefully controlled or if climate becomes wetter for periods of years or decades. Such landslides would probably involve reactivation of nineteenth- and twentieth-century landslide deposits. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".