Expression of Cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Clinicopathologic Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To examine the rate and degree of expression of Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and associated with clinicopathological factors and survival. METHODS: EOC patients being treated in our institute with available pathological tissue sections during 1996-2003 were identified. Immunohistochemical staining with antibody to COX-1 and COX-2 were studied. Degree of expression was categorized into low and high levels. The degrees of immunohistochemistry staining were associated with clinicopathological factors and overall survival. RESULTS: A total of 107 patients were included in the study. Most of patients had stage 1 and 3, and the most common histology type was serous carcinoma. The expression rate of COX-1 and COX-2 was 83.2 % and 95.3 %, respectively. Non-mucinous tumor had significant higher level of expression of both COX-1 and COX-2. Except for a high level of expression of COX-2 in association with better response to chemotherapy, no significant association with other clinicopathologic factors were observed. Level of COX-1 or COX-2 expression did not associate with progression-free and overall survival. The combination of COX-1 and COX-2 level was analyzed and the combination of high COX-1 and low COX-2 level significant associated with short progression-free and overall survival. CONCLUSION: EOC in our study showed high rate of COX-1 and COX-2 expression, especially in non-mucinous tumors. High level of COX-2 associated with better response to chemotherapy. Neither COX-1 nor COX-2 expression showed association with survivals while combination of high COX-1 and low COX-2 level of expression was associated with poor progression-free and overall survivals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".