Coseismic deformation of the 2002 Denali Fault earthquake: Insights from GPS measurements
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We estimate coseismic displacements from the 2002Mw7.9 Denali Fault earthquake at 232 GPS sites in Alaska and Canada. Displacements along a N‐S profile crossing the fault indicate right‐lateral slip on a near‐vertical fault with a significant component of vertical motion, north‐side up. We invert both GPS displacements and geologic surface offsets for slip on a three‐dimensional (3‐D) fault model in an elastic half‐space. We restrict the motion to right‐lateral slip and north‐side‐up dip slip. Allowing for oblique slip along the Denali and Totschunda faults improves the model fit to the GPS data by about 30%. We see mostly right‐lateral strike‐slip motion on the Denali and Totschunda faults, but in a few areas we see a significant component of dip slip. The slip model shows increasing slip from west to east along the Denali Fault, with four localized higher‐slip patches, three near the Trans‐Alaska pipeline crossing and a large slip patch corresponding to aMw7.5 subevent about 40 km west of the Denali‐Totschunda junction. Slip of 1–3 m was estimated along the Totschunda Fault with the majority of slip being at shallower than 9 km depth. We have limited resolution on the Susitna Glacier Fault, but the estimated slip along the fault is consistent with aMw7.2 thrust subevent. Total estimated moment in the Denali Fault earthquake is equivalent toMw7.89. The estimated slip distribution along the surface is in very good agreement with geological surface offsets, but we find that surface offsets measured on glaciers are biased toward lower values.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".