Circadian Rhythms in Reproductive and Thyroid Hormones in Gonadally Regressed Male Hamsters Exposed to Natural Autumn Photoperiod and Temperature Conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two groups of young adult male Syrian hamsters were kept in a vivarium at 22 degrees C and a light:dark cycle of 14.5:9.5 h (lights on 06.30 h; indoor) or in a naturally decreasing photoperiod and fluctuating ambient temperature conditions (outdoor) from October 1 (day length 11 h 50 min) to November 30 (day length 10 h 12 min). Representative animals from each group were killed at 3-hour intervals with additional time points near the onset of light. Weights of the paired gonads and accessory organs revealed that all of the animals kept outdoors and none of those kept indoors underwent reproductive regression. Significant circadian rhythms were observed in serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (PRL), thyrotropin (TSH), thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and testosterone in indoor and outdoor-housed hamsters. The 24-hour acrophase in serum LH, TSH, T4 and T3 occurred between 13.00 and 16.00 h, while that of serum testosterone and PRL occurred between 18.00 and 20.00 h in indoor hamsters. Hormonal variables in which there was a significant alteration in the 24-hour acrophase of outdoor animals relative to that in the indoor animals included pituitary PRL and serum testosterone, PRL, FSH and TSH. Hamsters housed indoors had a significant rhythm in brown adipose tissue type-II 5'-deiodinase activity, but no rhythm was evident in this tissue in outdoor animals. The natural autumnal conditions depressed serum LH and testosterone around the clock, though the depression of serum FSH relative to indoor hamster values was best seen between 09.00 and 21.00 h and that for PRL between 15.00 and 24.00 h.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".