Altered Processing of Visual Memory in Patients with Mesial Temporal Sclerosis: An fMRI Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Hippocampal complex and neocortex play distinct, complementary roles in processing of memory, which is impaired in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). METHOD: Ten right-sided MTS patients and 10 controls were prospectively assessed by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) using encoding and retrieval of visual memory tasks. Image analyses were done using SPM2 and voxels showing activity with T-score>4 were considered significant. Two-sample t-test was applied for equality of means and P<.01 was considered significant. Patterns of activity in both encoding and retrieval tasks were compared between the patients and controls. RESULTS: In normal controls, there was activation of bilateral tail of hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, occipital (right>left), right prefrontal, and inferior frontal region (T-score>9) during the encoding of memory and during the retrieval, there was activation of left inferior frontal region, bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, and occipital and parietal region (right>left) activity (T-score>4). In patients there was activation of bilateral prefrontal (left≫right), bilateral inferior parietal lobule (right≫left), and bilateral parieto-occipital lobe activity(T-score>4) during encoding and there was comparatively less activation (T-score>3) of bilateral inferior parietal lobule (left≫right) and bilateral prefrontal (right≫left) regions during retrieval. CONCLUSION: Visual memory processing is affected and altered in patients with MTS. Reallocation of visual memory processing is observed in patients with MTS suggesting different networking.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".