Effect of imazethapyr application timing in kidney and white bean
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A total of twelve field trials (6 with kidney bean and 6 with white bean) were conducted over a three-year period (2010 to 2012) at various locations in Ontario to evaluate the tolerance of kidney and white bean to imazethapyr applied preplant incorporated (PPI), preemergence (PRE), and postemergence (POST) at 37.5, 75 and 150 g·ai·ha-1. Imazethapyr applied PPI or PRE in kidney or white bean caused 0%-1%, 0%-4%, and 0%-9% injury at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after application (WAA), respectively. However, the injury was transient and had no adverse effect on shoot dry weight, height, seed moisture content, and yield of kidney or white bean except for shoot dry weight which was reduced 32% with imazethapyr applied PPI compared to the weed free control in white bean. Imazethapyr applied POST in kidney or white bean caused as much as 17%, 18%, and 11% injury at 1, 2, and 4 WAA, respectively. There was no adverse effect on shoot dry weight, height, seed moisture content, and yield of kidney or white bean except for imazethapyr applied POST which increased seed moisture content 1.9% compared to the weed free control in white bean. Based on these results, there is an adequate margin of crop safety in dry bean to imazethapyr applied PPI or PRE at 37.5 or 75 g·ai·ha-1 in kidney and white beans. However, there is not an adequate margin of crop safety for imazethapyr applied POST at rates higher than 37.5 g·ai·ha-1 in kidney and white bean.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".