Long‐Term Solute Transport under Semi‐Arid Conditions: Pedon to Field Scale
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Knowledge of factors controlling the spatial and temporal variability of transport in the vadose zone is limited. The objective of this study was to quantify the transport of a tracer at the field scale after 34 yr of low transient flow under semiarid conditions. A Cl − tracer was surface applied to plots (a Chernozemic soil) near Saskatoon, Canada. Thirty‐four years later, soil cores (6‐m depth) were taken along a 90‐m transect (1‐m spacing) and two embedded 10‐m transects (0.2‐m spacing) along one of the plots. The cores were sectioned (0.1‐m intervals) and analyzed for Cl − , bulk density, and soil water content. Although the site is level, slight differences in surface slope had a great effect on surface water redistribution, soil profile development, and the movement of water and solute. After 34 yr, the mean travel depth of the Cl − on a slight knoll was 1.70 m below the surface, compared with 2.76 m in a very slight depression 20 m away. The grade between knoll and depression was 1.8%. After a 19‐mo fallow period, considerably more redistributed surface water was stored in the soil in the slight depression than on the nearby level area. The spatial pattern of the increase in soil water storage (19 mo) was significantly correlated to Cl − transport (34 yr) suggesting that the measured pattern of increase in soil water storage was typical of long‐term patterns. The measurements suggested that 10% of redistributed water ended up as increased deep drainage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".