Development and Progression of Uremic Changes in the Mouse with Surgically Induced Renal Failure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Adult C57BL/6 mice with surgically induced renal failure of 1-15 weeks' duration were examined for the presence of changes caused by the renal failure. Surgery consisted of the electrocoagulation of the entire surface of the right kidney followed 3 weeks later by contralateral nephrectomy. Control groups comprised normal mice as well as sham-operated mice subjected to the right kidney electrocoagulation followed by visualization of the left kidney rather than removal. Results indicate: (1) the surgical procedures to induce renal failure were free of local and systemic infectious complications, (2) moderate to severe degree of renal failure was consistently achieved and remained stable over the study period, (3) significant growth retardation of the renal failure mice was present throughout the study whereas sham-operated mice showed catch-up growth with normal controls by the 3rd week postsurgery, (4) anemia was a very early manifestation of the disease appearing by the 1st week after the induction of renal failure to reach its nadir by the 2nd week; a mild anemia was observed transiently postsurgery in sham-operated mice and ascribed to the renal injury, and (5) renal failure mice were free of visible changes of advanced uremia such as impaired wound healing, bleeding tendency and gross neurological deficits. This new experimental model is proposed as a tool for the study of the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic uremia. While developed to study the immunological disturbances of renal failure, this model could conceivably serve for the study of other abnormalities, anemia in particular.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".