Very large‐scale computation of very small‐scale motions in a fully developed pipe flow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Local isotropy theory is examined using direct numerical simulation in a fully developed pipe flow at two Reynolds numbers Re τ =1285.6 and 684.8. The approach to local isotropy is assessed with reference to the two Kolmogorov classical equations for longitudinal and transverse velocity structure functions. The results for the second‐order longitudinal structure functions in both the dissipative and inertial ranges indicate an improved agreement with the local isotropy hypothesis as the centreline is approached. However, the transverse structure functions satisfy isotropy neither in the dissipative range or in the inertial range. The distribution of the longitudinal and transverse structure functions also shows a substantial Reynolds number dependance in the logarithmic region of the flow and beyond. The results for the third‐order longitudinal structure function demonstrate an increased Reynolds number influence, and a deteriorating tendency to local isotropy for large separations. Contour images of axial velocity differences in the dissipative and inertial ranges have exhibited interesting patterns in relation to those of the instantaneous axial velocity. Finally, the results obtained in this investigation are in very good agreement with other published experimental and numerical data on channel and duct flows. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".