Fixed-dose combination antituberculosis therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fixed-dose combination (FDC) formulations are currently recommended for the treatment of active tuberculosis (TB). We have conducted a systematic review to evaluate the risk of treatment failure or disease relapse, acquired drug resistance, bacterial conversion after 2 months of treatment, adverse events, adherence and treatment satisfaction associated with treatment of active TB using FDC or separate drug formulations. We searched four electronic databases for randomised controlled trials and cohort studies. Results from trials that directly compared FDC to separate drug formulations were pooled. Results from other studies were reported separately. We identified 2450 citations from which 15 controlled trials and four additional relevant studies were included. In the 15 trials there were no differences in acquired drug resistance, bacterial conversion after 2 months of treatment or adverse drug reactions with FDC or separate drug formulations. There was a trend toward higher risk of failure or relapse with FDC (pooled relative risk 1.28 (95% CI 0.99-1.7)). Based on individual study results, only one of two trials that assessed treatment satisfaction, and none of five that assessed patient adherence, favoured FDCs. Although FDC formulations simplify TB therapy, the current evidence does not indicate that these formulations improve treatment outcomes among patients with active TB.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.012 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".