Stem Restructuring in the Development of Common Slavic *<i>nogbtb</i>and the Like in Balkan Slavic Dialects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Bulgarian literary language, together with the large majority of Bulgarian dialects and a sizeable number of Macedonian dialects, exhibits a disyllabic stem in both the indf. and df. sg. forms of masc. nouns from three distinct etymological classes: 1) original CS1 disyllabic stems (e.g., *nogbtb, *коnьсь > Bg нокъm, нокътът, Mac конец, конеyоm); 2) epenthetically disyllabic stems with sonorant auslaut (e.g., *og[b]n’, *v ĕ t[b]r > Bg огън, огънят); 3) epenthetically disyllabic stems with non-sonorant auslaut (*vos[b]k, *moz[b]k/g- > Bg восък, восъкът, Mac мозок, мозокот). The same set of reflexes is found in Literary Macedonian, with the exception of two stems from the second class, viz. огнот and eempom ~ Bemepom, and the neuter variant лакто of шкот, which probably is derived from an earlier masc. df. *лакто[т]. In contradistinction to these developments, many dialects of the southern and northeastern peripheries exhibit a range of alternative conservative and innovative monosyllabic stem reflexes (e.g., нокт, концот, орлът, воск, музго). The present study exlores in detail the morphophonemic origins of these exceptional reflexes and examines the closely related analogical extension of the disyllabic stem in certain dialects to the Balkan Slavic plural of the word *nogbtb (cf. *nokti/-e >*nokbti /-e).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".