An Empirical Prediction Method for Secondary Losses in Turbines—Part I: A New Loss Breakdown Scheme and Penetration Depth Correlation
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despite its wide use in meanline analyses, the conventional loss breakdown scheme is based on a number of assumptions that are known to be physically unsatisfactory. One of these assumptions states that the loss generated in the airfoil surface boundary layers is uniform across the span. The loss results at high positive incidence presented in a previous paper (Benner, M. W., Sjolander, S. A., and Moustapha, S. H., 2004, ASME Paper No. GT2004-53786.) indicate that this assumption causes the conventional scheme to produce erroneous values of the secondary loss component. A new empirical prediction method for secondary losses in turbines has been developed, and it is based on a new loss breakdown scheme. In the first part of this two-part paper, the new loss breakdown scheme is presented. Using data from the current authors’ off-design cascade loss measurements, it is shown that the secondary losses obtained with the new scheme produce a trend with incidence that is physically more reasonable. Unlike the conventional loss breakdown scheme, the new scheme requires a correlation for the spanwise penetration depth of the passage vortex separation line at the trailing edge. One such correlation exists (Sharma, O. P., and Butler, T. L., 1987, ASME J. Turbomach., 109, pp. 229–236.); however, it was based on a small database. An improved correlation for penetration distance has been developed from a considerably larger database, and it is detailed in this paper.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it