Morphological Characterization of Neurons Projecting to the Ring Gland in the Larval Blow Fly,<i>Protophormia terraenovae</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The cephalic neuroendocrine system of the larval blow fly, Protophormia terraenovae was studied by backfills using either horseradish peroxidase or NiCl2, and peptide immunocytochemistry. Backfills through a proximal part of the ring gland mainly revealed three groups of neurons: (1) neurons with somata in the pars intercerebralis (PI) of the protocerebrum, (2) neurons with somata in the pars lateralis (PL) of the protocerebrum, and (3) neurons with somata in the subesophageal ganglion (SEG). Dense arborization was found mainly in the superior protocerebral, tritocerebral and SEG neuropils. Backfills through a distal part of the ring gland exclusively revealed two types of neurons with somata in the PL, viz., those with ipsilateral projections and those with contralateral projections to the ring gland. Antisera against cholecystokinin-8, FMRFamide, and Gryllus bimaculatus pigment-dispersing factor labeled cells in the PI and PL as well as fibers in the ring gland and aorta. Anti-cholecystokinin-8 and anti-FMRFamide antisera also labeled cells in the SEG. These results suggest that cephalic neurons projecting to the ring gland and aorta receive information at restricted regions in the superior protocerebral, tritocerebral and SEG neuropils, and that they release cholecystokinin-8, FMRFamide, and pigment-dispersing factor-like peptides from the ring gland and aorta into the hemolymph as neurohormones, or locally in the ring gland and aorta to regulate the production and/or release of hormones by the gland cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".