Dynamic recrystallisation of D2 and W1 tool steels
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hot torsion continuous tests were performed on a high carbon, high chromium cold work die steel (D2) and a water hardenable carbon tool steel (W1) at strain rates of 0·1, 1, and 4 s-1 in the temperature ranges of 900 to 1150°C for D2 and 900 to 1200°C for W1. The stress–strain (σ–ɛ) curves rose to a peak stress σ p , then declined to a steady state value σ ss , typical of dynamic recrystallisation (DRX). The commencement and effective completion (99%) of DRX are obtained from θ–σ and σ–ɛ curves respectively where θ is the strain hardening rate dσ/dɛ. The kinetics of DRX are assumed to follow an Avrami equation whereas the time t ss for 99% DRX is related to σ ss and temperature by a sinh function. The equilibrium recrystallised grain size D s decreases with increase in σ ss and Z, the Zener–Hollomon temperature compensated strain rate. Due to the presence of carbides, which stimulate nucleation, D2 generally has faster DRX kinetics than W1.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it