Familial Crohn's Disease in Single or Multiple First-Degree Relatives
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The strongest currently recognized risk factor for Crohn's disease (CD) development is having a relative with the disease. In this study, 1,000 patients with CD, seen directly by the investigator during a period of more than 20 years, were consecutively evaluated for a family history of CD. There were 140 patients who reported a relative with CD. Of these, all 87 first-degree relatives were confirmed to have CD (36 men and 51 women). Siblings, particularly women, were most commonly affected in comparison with parents or children. There were 65 with a single affected first-degree relative and 22 with multiple affected first-degree relatives. In this series, the tendency to have a female sibling with CD was further increased in those with multiple affected first-degree relatives. Although the age of diagnosis of children was less than the age of diagnosis in the respective parents, there were almost identical numbers of mother-child and father-child pairs. These findings in a population with prolonged follow-up by the same physician may reflect a bias toward case ascertainment rather than the previously reported phenomena in recruited populations of genetic anticipation and genomic imprinting. Patients with multiple first-degree relatives were older with more extensive disease in both ileal and colonic sites compared with those with only a single first-degree relative and more frequent colonic disease. Future studies are needed to further explore the role of both genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis and phenotypic expression of familial CD.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".