Quantitative measurement of cerebral blood flow during hypothermia with a time-resolved near-infrared technique
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hypothermia, in which the brain is cooled to 32-33 °C, has been shown to be neuroprotective for brain injury caused by hypoxia-ischemia, head trauma, or neonatal asphyxia. Neuroprotective effect of Hypothermia is partly due to suppression of brain metabolism and cerebral blood flow (CBF). The ability to measure CBF at the bedside provides a means of detecting, and thereby preventing, secondary ischemia during neuro intensive care before brain injury occurs. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the ability of a time-resolved near-infrared (TR-NIR) bolus-tracking method using indocyanine green as an intravascular flow tracer to measure CBF during cooling in a newborn animal model. For validation, CBF was independently measured by computed tomography (CT) perfusion. The results show a good agreement between CBF obtained with the two methods (R<sup>2</sup> ≈ 0.84, Δ ≈ 5.84 ml. min <sup>-1</sup>.100 g <sup>-1</sup>, 32-38.5 °C), demonstrating the ability of the TR-NIR technique to non-invasively measure absolute CBF in-vivo during dynamic hypothermia. The TR-NIR technique reveals that CBF decreases from 54.3 ± 5.4 ml. min <sup>-1</sup>.100 g <sup>-1</sup>, at normothermia (T<sub>brain</sub> of 38.5 °C), to 33.8 ± 0.9 ml. min <sup>-1</sup>.100 g <sup>-1</sup> at T<sub>brain</sub> of 32 °C during the hypothermia treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".