Bibliographic record
Abstract
1. Introduction Henry F. Diaz and Vera Markgraf Part I. ENSO in the Modern Record: 2. Atmospheric teleconnections associated with the extreme phase of the Southern Oscillation Henry F. Diaz and George N. Kiladis 3. El Nino/Southern Oscillation and streamflow in the western United States Daniel R. Cayan and Robert H. Webb 4. Coupled climate model simulation of El Nino/Southern Oscillation: implications for paleoclimate Gerald A. Meehl and Grant W. Branstator Part II. Use of Historical Records in ENSO Reconstructions: 5. Historical and prehistorical overview of El Nino/Southern Oscillation David B. Enfield 6. A study of Southern Oscillation-related climatic activity for A.D. 622-1990 incorporating Nile River flood data William H. Quinn 7. Historical El Nino/Southern Oscillation variability in the Australasian region Neville Nicholls 8. A comparison of Southern Oscillation and El Nino signals in the tropics Henry F. Diaz and Roger S. Pulwarty 9. Long-term changes in the frequency of occurrence of El Nino events Roger Y. Anderson Part III. Paleoclimate Reconstructions of El Nino/Southern Oscillation from Tree-Ring Records: 10. Using three rings to study past El Nino/Southern Oscillation influences on climate Edward R. Cook 11. An index of the Southern Oscillation reconstructed from western North American tree-ring chronologies J. M. Lough 12. Spectral properties of tree-ring data in the United States Southwest as related to El Nino/Southern Oscillation David M. Meko 13. A tree-ring reconstruction of New Mexico winter precipitation and its relation to El Nino/Southern Oscillation events Roseanne D. D'arrigo and Gordon C. Jacoby 14. Temporal patterns of El Nino/Southern Oscillation - wildfire teleconnections in the southwestern United States Thomas W. Swetnam and Julio L. Betancourt 15. Secular variability of the Southern Oscillation detected in tree-ring data from Mexico and the southern United States Malcolm K. Cleaveland, Edward R. Cooke and David W. Stahle Part IV. Records from Ice Cores and Corals: 16. Reconstructing interannual climate variability from tropical and subtropical ice-core records L. G. Thompson, E. Mosley-Thompson and P. A. Thompson 17. A comparison of proxy records of El Nino/Southern Oscillation Joel Michaelsen and L. G. Thompson 18. Coral monitors of El Nino/Southern Oscillation dynamics across the equatorial Pacific Julia E. Cole, Glen T. Shen, Richard G. Fairbanks and Michael Moore Part V. Low-resolution Paleoclimate Reconstruction of El Nino/Southern Oscillation: Marine and Terrestrial Proxy Indicators: 19. Fishery catch records, El Nino/Southern Oscillation, and longer-term climate change as inferred from fish remains in marine sediments Gary D. Sharp 20. Long-term changes in El Nino/Southern Oscillation: evidence from marine and lacustrine sediments Roger Y. Anderson, Andy Soutar and Thomas C. Johnson 21. El Nino/Southern Oscillation climatic variability in Australasian and South American paleoenvironmental records M. S. McGlone, A. P. Kershaw and Vera Markgraf 22. Synthesis and future prospects Henry F. Diaz, Vera Markgraf and Malcolm K. Hughes Index.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.992 | 0.994 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".