Antipsychotic Medication (Safety/Risk) during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is important to evaluate the safety of antipsychotic drugs in pregnancy and the postpartum, especially as most women with schizophrenia need to continue their treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding. With the increasing use of second generation antipsychotics, which cause less hyperprolactinemia-induced infertility than was the case with older drugs, the number of women with schizophrenia becoming pregnant will likely increase. In this review, I discuss the current available, evidenced-based information regarding the safety of antipsychotic drugs used in pregnancy. These include the first generation (chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, haloperidol, loxapine, perphenazine, prochlorperazine, promethazine, thioridazine, trifluoperazine) and second generation (aripiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, ziprasidone). To date, there has been no definitive association between use of these agents and an increased risk of birth defects or other adverse outcomes. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding and require treatment should always discuss the risks/benefits of pharmacotherapy with their own physician. The evidenced-based information contained in this paper will be of use in their joint decision. Keywords: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, antipsychotic drugs
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".